The apartheid policy of “separate development” was also known as

Bantustans were territories designated for black South Africans under apartheid. Each ethnic group was assigned to a separate “homeland” or Bantustan. This forced removal justified denying black people citizenship in South Africa proper.

Afrikaner nationalism was the ideology behind apartheid, not the policy itself. Segregation was the practice, but Bantustans was the specific term. Homelands is another name for Bantustans, making both technically correct.

Bantustans were designed to divide and control black South Africans. They were poverty-stricken areas with little economic opportunity.