The following are sources of pure water except

Source: JAMB · 2024

The following are sources of pure water except

  1. rain
  2. river
  3. sewage ✓
  4. stream
Explanation

Sewage water is najis, meaning ritually impure, and cannot be used for wudu or ghusl. It is contaminated with human waste and other impurities.

Clean water from rain, rivers, wells, or taps is suitable for purification. Even seawater can be used if fresh water is unavailable.

Islam emphasizes using pure and clean water for worship to maintain both physical and spiritual purity.

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