The activities of the British East Africa Company led to

The British East Africa Company established control over Kenya and Uganda. Their commercial activities led to British protectorates in the 1890s. Private companies often paved the way for direct colonial rule.

Gold mines in South Africa weren’t related to this East Africa company. Trans-Saharan routes existed centuries earlier in West Africa. The United Nations formed after World War II, much later.

Company rule eventually transferred to the British government. This pattern happened across many African colonies.