Which of the following are made by the process of polymerization?

Polymerization is a chemical process where small molecules called monomers join together to form very large molecules called polymers. The polymer has a long chain structure made up of repeating units of the monomer.

Nylon is a synthetic polymer. It is made by condensation polymerization, where two different types of monomers (a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid) react and release water molecules as they link together. Nylon is used in making fabrics, ropes, and packaging.

Artificial rubber (also called synthetic rubber) is also made by polymerization. Monomers like butadiene or chloroprene undergo addition polymerization, where they join together without losing any atoms. The resulting polymer has elastic properties similar to natural rubber.

Soap is not a polymer. Soap is made by a process called saponification, where fats or oils react with a strong base like sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Butane is a simple hydrocarbon gas (C₄H₁₀) and is not a polymer either. Margarine is a fat product, not a polymer.

Since both nylon and artificial rubber are made by polymerization, that is the correct combination.