The general formula of an alkyl halide (where X represents the halide) is?

Explanation

Perfect competition: many sellers, identical products, easy entry/exit, price takers (farmers selling grain). Monopoly: single seller, no close substitutes, barriers to entry (utility companies).

Oligopoly: few large sellers, interdependent pricing, high barriers (oil companies, airlines). Monopolistic competition: many sellers, differentiated products, low barriers (restaurants, clothing stores).

Market structure affects prices, efficiency, and consumer welfare. Competition generally benefits consumers through lower prices; monopoly enables higher prices. Governments regulate to prevent abuse.