Which cation is responsible for the characteristic flame colour in a flame test?

Explanation

Sodium ions produce a bright yellow-orange flame color that is easily recognizable. This intense yellow is so distinctive that even tiny amounts of sodium create visible coloration.

When sodium atoms are heated in a flame, electrons absorb energy and jump to higher levels. As they fall back down, they release yellow light at specific wavelengths.

Other metals produce different colors: potassium makes violet, calcium makes orange-red, and copper makes blue-green. Each element has a unique flame color pattern.