Polymorphism is the phenomenon in which

JAMB Chemistry 2023 107 views

Polymorphism is the phenomenon in which

  1. A compound exhibits different colors in different solvents.
  2. A compound exists in multiple crystal structures or forms. ✓
  3. A compound can be converted into a gas without melting.
  4. A compound has different chemical compositions in various states.

Explanation

Polymorphism occurs when the same chemical compound arranges its molecules in different crystal patterns. Each crystal form is called a polymorph and may have different physical properties.

Carbon shows polymorphism as diamond and graphite, both pure carbon with different crystal structures. Diamond is hard and clear, while graphite is soft and black.

The same chemical formula can produce materials with very different appearances and properties depending on how atoms are arranged. Temperature and pressure during formation determine which polymorph develops.

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