Explanation

Britain used different methods to control Nigeria. Treaties: signed with local rulers, often obtained through pressure or deception. Some leaders willingly allied for protection or trade benefits.

Military conquest: resistance was met with force. Benin (1897), Ijebu (1892), and various northern emirates were conquered. Superior British weapons decided battles.

Indirect rule: governing through traditional rulers. Lugard preferred this for cost efficiency. Worked better in hierarchical north than in decentralized southeast.